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Harry Payne Whitney

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Harry Payne Whitney
Whitney in February 1924
BornApril 29, 1872
New York City, U.S.
DiedOctober 26, 1930 (1930-10-27) (aged 58)
Portland, Maine, U.S.
Resting placeWoodlawn Cemetery,
The Bronx, New York
EducationGroton School
Alma materYale University
Columbia Law School
Occupation(s)Businessman, racehorse owner/breeder, philanthropist
Political partyDemocratic
Board member ofLong Island Motor Parkway
Hudson Bay Mining & Smelting Co.
Spouse
​
(m. 1896)​
ChildrenFlora, Cornelius, and Barbara
Parent(s)William Collins Whitney
Flora Payne
FamilyWhitney
HonorsPillars of the Turf (2018)
U.S. Polo Hall of Fame (1990)

Harry Payne Whitney (April 29, 1872 – October 26, 1930) was an American businessman, thoroughbred horse breeder, and member of the prominent Whitney family.[1]

Early years

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J. Parks, Harry Payne Whitney, and F.S. von Stade, circa 1914

Whitney was born in New York City on April 29, 1872, as the eldest son of Flora Payne and William C. Whitney (1841–1904), a very wealthy businessman and United States Secretary of the Navy. Whitney was the elder brother of William Payne Whitney (1876–1927). His sister Pauline Payne Whitney (1874–1916) married Almeric Hugh Paget, 1st Baron Queenborough (1861–1949), and his youngest sister Dorothy Payne Whitney (1887–1968) was married to Willard Dickerman Straight (1880–1918), and later to Leonard Knight Elmhirst (1893–1974) after Straight's death.[1]

Whitney studied at Groton School in Groton, Massachusetts, then attended Yale University, graduating in 1894. He was a member of the Skull and Bones. After Yale, he spent two years at Columbia Law School, but he never finished the course and decided to enter the world of sports and business.[2][3][4] He was a member of the class of 1898.[5] In 1904, after the death of his father, he inherited $24,000,000, and in 1917, he inherited approximately $12,000,000 along with the large steam yacht Aphrodite from his uncle, Oliver Hazard Payne.[6][7]

Sporting career

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An avid sportsman, Whitney was a ten-goal polo player. His love of the sport was inherited from his father, who had been involved with polo when it was first organized in the United States in 1876 by James Gordon Bennett, Jr. Whitney organized the U.S. polo team that beat England in 1909. "Whitney Field" polo field near Saratoga Springs, New York, is named for him.

He was a board member of the Montauk Yacht Club and competed with his yacht Vanitie in the America's Cup. Whitney also served on the board of directors of the Long Island Motor Parkway, built by his wife's cousin, William Kissam Vanderbilt II.[1]

Whitney enjoyed quail hunting and purchased the 14,000-acre (57 km2) Foshalee Plantation in northern Leon County, Florida, from Sydney E. Hutchinson of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.[8]

Thoroughbred horse racing

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Whitney and his horse Regret

Whitney was a major figure in Thoroughbred racing and in 2018 was voted one of the National Museum of Racing and Hall of Fame's most prestigious honors as one of the Pillars of the Turf.[9]

Harry Whitney inherited a large stable from his father including the great filly Artful and her sire Hamburg, and in 1915 established a horse breeding farm in Lexington, Kentucky where he developed the American polo pony by breeding American Quarter Horse stallions with his thoroughbred mares. He was thoroughbred racing's leading owner of the year in the United States on eight occasions and the breeder of almost two hundred stakes race winners. His leading sire was first Hamburg and then the great sire Broomstick, by Ben Brush. His Kentucky-bred horse Whisk Broom II (sired by Broomstick) raced in England, then at age six came back to the U.S. where he won the New York Handicap Triple. He also owned Upset, who gave Man o' War the only loss of his career.

Whitney had nineteen horses who ran in the Kentucky Derby, winning it the first time in 1915 with another Broomstick foal, Regret, the first filly ever to capture the race. Regret went on to earn Horse of the Year honors and was named to the National Museum of Racing and Hall of Fame. Whitney won the Kentucky Derby for the second time in 1927 with the colt Whiskery. His record of six wins in the Preakness Stakes stood as the most by any breeder until 1968 when Calumet Farm broke the record. Whitney's colt Burgomaster won the 1906 Belmont Stakes and also received Horse of the Year honors. Among the many horses, Whitney's breeding operation produced Equipoise and Johren.

Whitney's stable won the following prestigious U.S. Triple Crown races:

His Lexington, Kentucky stud farm was passed on to his son, C.V. Whitney, who owned it until 1989 when it became part of Gainesway Farm.

Personal life

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Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney, in Vogue magazine, by Adolf de Meyer, January 15, 1917

On August 25, 1896, he married Gertrude Vanderbilt (1875–1942), a member of the wealthy Vanderbilt family. In New York, the couple lived in town houses originally belonging to William Whitney, first at 2 East 57th St., across the street from Gertrude's parents, and after William Whitney's death, at 871 Fifth Avenue.[10] They also had a country estate in Westbury, Long Island.[11] Together, they had three children:[12][11]

Harry Whitney died in 1930 at age fifty-eight.[1][14] He and his wife are interred in the Woodlawn Cemetery, The Bronx. Time magazine reported that at the time of his death, Harry Payne Whitney's estate was appraised by New York State for tax collection purposes at $62,808,000 net.[15]

Whitney owned numerous incarnations of his father's Pullman Wanderer rail car.

Philanthropy

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The benefactor to many organizations, in 1920 H.P. Whitney financed the Whitney South Seas Expedition of the American Museum of Natural History, Rollo Beck's major zoological expedition that sent teams of scientists and naturalists to undertake botanical research and to study the bird population of several thousand islands in the Pacific Ocean.

The Whitney Collection of Sporting Art was donated in his memory to the Yale University Art Gallery.

References

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  1. ^ a b c d Times Wide World (27 October 1930). "H.P. Whitney Dies at 58 of Pneumonia; Ill Only a Few Days; Sportsman and Financier Succumbs Unexpectedly at His Fifth Avenue Home. Caught Cold On Tuesday His Wife, the Former Gertrude Vanderbilt, and Their Three Children at Bedside. He Inherited a Fortune Built Up Vast Properties and Became One of Nation's Richest Men -- Famed for Racing Stables. One of America's Richest Men. H.P. Whitney Dies at 58 of Pneumonia Heir to Wealth and Prestige. Guggenheim Guided His Start. Known Also as Dog Fancier. Many Concerns Now Merged". The New York Times. Retrieved 30 November 2016.
  2. ^ "Vanderbilt Cup Races - Blog - VanderbiltCupRaces.com Profile: Harry Payne Whitney". www.vanderbiltcupraces.com. Retrieved 27 May 2020.
  3. ^ White, Augusta Francelia Payne, 1851-1911. (1912). The Paynes of Hamilton: a genealogical and biographical record. T.A. Wright. p. 172. OCLC 20702360.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  4. ^ Biddle, Flora Miller (4 June 2019). Embers of childhood: growing up a Whitney. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 978-1-948924-01-6. OCLC 1081338957.
  5. ^ Columbia Alumni News. Alumni Council of Columbia University. 1923.
  6. ^ "Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney [1875-1942]". New Netherland Institute. Archived from the original on 30 August 2012. Retrieved 17 December 2014.
  7. ^ Snow, Ralph L. (1987). Bath Iron Works: The First Hundred Years. Bath, Me.: Maine Maritime Museum. pp. 75–79. ISBN 0-9619449-0-0. LCCN 87060259. Retrieved 22 April 2021.
  8. ^ Paisley, Clifton, From Cotton To Quail: An Agricultural Chronicle of Leon County, Florida, 1860-1967, University of Florida Press, 1968. ISBN 978-0-8130-0718-2 pp. 83
  9. ^ "Hall of Fame Announces 12 New Pillars of the Turf". Thoroughbred Daily News. 23 May 2018. Retrieved 11 August 2020.
  10. ^ Adams, Michael Henry. "The Most Palatial House in New York: Stanford White's William Collins Whitney Residence!". Michael Henry Adams, Style and Taste!. Retrieved 27 December 2014.
  11. ^ a b Magill, Frank N., ed. (1999). "Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney". Dictionary of world biography. Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn. pp. 3969–3971. ISBN 1-57958-048-3. Retrieved 27 December 2014.
  12. ^ Vanderbilt, Arthur T. II (August 1989). Fortune's Children: The Fall of the House of Vanderbilt. New York: Morrow. ISBN 0-688-07279-8. Retrieved 17 December 2014.
  13. ^ Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney Archived 2012-08-30 at the Wayback Machine at www.nnp.org
  14. ^ Vanderbilt, 354.
  15. ^ "Harry Payne Whitney, Youthful Guard of Millions; He Says His Life Will Be Devoted to Business -- He May Sell Horses Some Day, but Not Now" (PDF). Time. Retrieved 30 November 2016.
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