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List of monarchs who lost their thrones in the 19th century

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This is a list of monarchs who either lost their thrones through deposition by a coup d'état, by a referendum which abolished their throne, or chose to abdicate during the 19th century.

A

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  • Mawewe Nxumalo, Nkosi of amaGaza 11 Oct 1858 – 18??, deposed or abdicated 18??, restored 18??, reigned until 1862.
  • Mzila Nxumalo, Nkosi of amaGaza, deposed or abdicated 18??, restored 1862, reigned until August 1884.
  • Ludwig Engelbert, Duke of Aremberg (Herzog von Aremberg) 1778–1801, deposed or abdicated 1801. Died 1820.
  • Prosper Ludwig, Duke of Aremberg (Herzog von Aremberg) 1802–1810, deposed or abdicated 1810. Died 1861.

B

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  • Christoph Franz von Buseck, Prince-Bishop of Bamberg (Fürstbishof zu Bamberg), deposed in 1802 due to Bamberg's annexation by Bavaria, died 1805.
  • Sahib Jah, Azam ul-Umara, Rashid ul-Mulk, 'Imad ud-Daula, Nawab Mir Mehdi Husain Khan Bahadur, Firuz Jang, Nawab of Baoni 1859–1883, abdicated in favor of his son, died 1895.
  • Ludwig I, King of Bavaria 1825–1848, abdicated 1848, died 1868.
  • Wilhelm, Count Palatine of Birkenfeld, deposed due to Birkenfeld's annexation by France, 1801.
  • Lubosi I, Litunga of the Lozi and Paramount Chief of Barotseland, deposed 1884, restored 1885, died 1916.
  • Akafuna Tatila, Litunga of the Lozi and Paramount Chief of Barotseland, deposed 1885, died 1887.
  • Mwanga II, Kabaka of Buganda 1884–1888 and 1889–1897, died 1897.
  • Kalema, Kabaka of Buganda 1888–1889, died 1890.

C

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D

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E

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  • Tekle Giyorgis I (Fakr Sagad), Emperor of Ethiopia, succeeded upon the deposition of Emperor Iyasu III, 24 April 1788. Deposed for a second time 26 July 1789. Regained the throne by force of arms in January 1794. Deposed for the third time, 15 April 1795. Restored December 1795. Deposed for the fourth time, 20 May 1796. Restored again 4 January 1798. Deposed for the fifth time on 20 May 1799. Restored 24 March 1800 but was then deposed for the sixth and last time.
  • Demetros, Emperor of Ethiopia, installed 1799 and deposed 1800, reinstated 1800, deposed again 1801.
  • Yohannes III, Emperor of Ethiopia, installed 1840, deposed 1841, reinstated and deposed again 1845, reinstated again 1850, and deposed again 1851.
  • Sahle Dengel, Emperor of Ethiopia, installed 1832, deposed 1840, restored 1841, deposed again 1845, reinstated again 1845, deposed again 1850, reinstated again 1851 and deposed for the last time in 1855.
  • Tewodros II, Emperor of Ethiopia, died 1868.
  • Tekle Giyorgis II, Emperor of Ethiopia, deposed in 1872 by Kassay Merca, who was then proclaimed Emperor Yohannes IV.

F

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France

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  • Napoleon I, Emperor of the French, abdicated 1814, reinstated and deposed 1815.
  • Louis XVIII, King of France, deposed 1815, reinstated 1815.
  • Napoleon II, Emperor of the French, deposed 1815.
  • Charles X, King of France, abdicated 1830.
  • Louis XIX, King of France (pretender), abdicated 1830.
  • Henri V, King of France (pretender), deposed 1830.
  • Louis Philippe I, King of the French, abdicated 1848.
  • Napoleon III, Emperor of the French, deposed 1870.

Freudenberg

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G

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  • Javad Khan (1786–1804), deposed through the Russian annexation in 1804.
  • Otto, King of Greece, deposed 1862.
  • Wilhelm I of Gottschee, reigned 1800–1809 and 1815–1822, lost his domain to Austria-Hungary, restored 1815, died 1822.

H

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  • George V, King of Hanover, deposed 1866, died 1878.

Holland

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  • Louis I, King of Holland 1806–1810, deposed 1810.
  • Louis II, King of Holland 1810, deposed 1810 when Holland was annexed by France.
  • Maung Shwe E, Myosa of Hsamönghkam 1825–1834, deposed or abdicated 1834, restored 18xx, reigned until 1847.
  • Maung Me, Myosa of Hsamönghkam 1834–18xx, deposed or abdicated 18xx, restored 1847, reigned until 1848.
  • Maung Lin, Myosa of Hsamönghkam 1867, deposed or abdicated 1867, restored 1876, reigned until 18xx.
  • Maung Shwe Min, Myosa of Hsamönghkam 1848–1867, deposed or abdicated 1867, restored 1885, reigned until 1886.
  • Sao Hseng Naw Hpa, Saopha of Hsenwi 1845–1848, deposed or abdicated 1848restored 1853, deposed or abdicated 1855, restored 1867, deposed or abdicated 1869, restored 1874, deposed or abdicated 1875, restored 1876, reigned until 1879.
  • Sao Hpa Mawng Hpa, Saopha of Hsenwi 1858–1860, deposed or abdicated 1860, restored 1863, deposed or abdicated 1864.

I

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  • Ernst Kasimir III, Count of Isenburg 1801–1810, deposed by the French occupation 1810.
  • King Solomon II, deposed after his kingdom was annexed by Russia on 20 February 1810.

J

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K

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  • Franz Xaver Müller, Prince-Abbot of Kaiserheim 1783–1803, deposed through the annexation by Bavaria.
  • Mbumba of Kasanzi, Yaka of Kasanzi ?-1848, deposed or abdicated 1848, restored 1853 and reigned until ?
  • Kazembe IX Lukwesa Mpanga, Mwata Kazembe of Kazembe 1872–1883, deposed or abdicated 1883, restored 1885, deposed, abdicated or died 1886.
  • Kazembe X Kanyembo Ntemena, Mwata Kazembe of Kazembe 1883–1885, deposed of abdicated 1885, restored 1886, died 1904.
  • Nga Shwe Maung I, Ngwegunhmu of Kyawkku Hsiwan 1844–1852, deposed or abdicated 1852, restored 1856, reigned until 1863.

L

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  • Sao Hkam Mawng, Saopha of Laikha 1860–1862, deposed or abdicated 1862, restored 1868, reigned until 1879.
  • Sao Waing, Saopha of Lawksawk 1854–1881, deposed or abdicated 1881, restored 1886, reigned until January 1887.
  • Hkun Pu, Ngwegunhmu of Loilong 1856–1880, deposed or abdicated 1880, died 1882.
  • Mubukwanu, Litunga of the Lozi ?-18th century, deposed in the 18th century.

M

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  • Cikanga Nyarumwe II, Mambo of Manyika 1796–1807, deposed or abdicated 1807 restored 1818, reigned until 1822–
  • Karl II Ludwig Johann Erzherzog von Österreich, Prince-Grand Master of Mergentheim (Fürst und Hoch-und Deutschmeister des Deutschen Ordens in deutschen und wälschen Landen, Administratoren des Hochmeistertums in Preussen, Herrn zu Freudenthal und Eulenberg) 1801–1804, deposed or abdicated 1804, died 1847.
  • Anton Viktor Joseph Raymund Erzherzog von Österreich, Prince-Grand master of Mergentheim (Fürst und Hoch-und Deutschmeister des Deutschen Ordens in deutschen und wälschen Landen, Administratoren des Hochmeistertums in Preussen, Herrn zu Freudenthal und Eulenberg) 1804–1809, deposed or abdicated 1809, died 1835.
  • Constantine IV, deposed on the annexation of his principality by the Russian Empire, 1801.

N

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  • Adolf, Duke of Nassau, deposed 1866.
  • Willem I, King of the Netherlands, abdicated 1840.
  • Uiliame Latumailangi, 7th Ma'atu of Niu'atuputapu, ceded the island of Niu'atuputapu to King George Tupou I on 4 June 1862, when Niu'atuputapu became an integral part of the Kingdom of Tonga.

O

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P

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  • Pope Pius VII, deposed as ruler of the Papal States 1809, restored 1814
  • Pope Pius IX, deposed as ruler of the Papal States 1870.
  • Pedro IV, King of Portugal, abdicated 1826.
  • Maria II, Queen of Portugal, deposed 1828, restored 1834.
  • Miguel I, King of Portugal, deposed 1834.

Q

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R

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  • Heinrich XLII, Count of Reuss-Schleiz 1784–1802, deposed or abdicated 1802, died 1818.
  • Sho Tai, deposed upon abolition of the kingdom in 1879, died 1901.

S

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  • Joseph, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg, abdicated 1848, died 1868.
  • Bernhard II, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen, abdicated 1866, died 1882.
  • Haile Melekot, Prince of Shewa, deposed 1859.
  • Seyfe Sahle Selassie, Prince of Shewa, seized the throne 1859, deposed 1859, restored 1860.
  • Menelik II, Emperor of Ethiopia, King of Shewa 1855–1856, deposed 1856, restored 1865 as king, terminated the separate state 1889 and annexing it to Ethiopia, where he ascended as emperor.
  • Sri Wikrama Rajasinghe, last King of the Kingdom of Kandy, deposed by the British in 1816. Deported to South India together will all claimants to the throne to extinguish the national royal line. Kept as a prisoner for 17 years where he died at the Vellor Fort at age 52.

T

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  • Pōmare V, King of Tahiti 1877–1880, ceded Tahiti to France on 29 June 1880.
  • James Harden-Hickey, self-proclaimed Prince of Trinidad 1893–1895, deposed by British and then Brazilian occupation.
  • "Chauhan," Raja Drig Narayan Singh of House of Tulsipur deposed following the 1857 Mutiny.

U

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V

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W

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  • Samori ibn Lafiya Ture, Fama of Wassulu 1870–1884, Almami of Wassulu 1884–1898. Deposed 29 September 1898.

X

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Y

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Z

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  • Zangabirou, ruler of Zemio ? -ca. 1855, died ca. 1858.

See also

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